member of the cashew family (Anacardiaceae), one of the most important and widely cultivated fruits of the tropical world, considered indigenous to eastern Asia, Myanmar (Burma), and Assam state of India. The tree is evergreen, often reaching 50-60 feet (15-18 metres) in height and attaining great age. Leaves are lanceolate, up to 12 inches (30 cm) long; the flowers, small, pinkish, and fragrant, are borne in large terminal panicles (loose clusters). They are polygamous-i.e., some have both stamens and pistils, others stamens only.

The fruit varies greatly in size and character; the smallest mangoes are no larger than plums, while others may weigh 4 to 5 pounds (1.8 to 2.3 kg). Its form is oval, round, heart-shaped, kidney-shaped, or long and slender. Some varieties are vividly coloured with shades of red and yellow, while others are dull green. The single large seed is flattened, and the flesh that surrounds it is yellow to orange in colour, juicy, and of distinctive spicy flavour. Mangoes are a rich source of vitamins A, C, and D.